Dashamoola is a composition of the roots of Aegle marmelos, Gmelina arborea, Oroxylum indicum, Clerodendrum phlomidis, Stereospermum chelonoides, Desmodium gangeticum, Uraria picta, Solanum indicum, Solanum surattense and Tribulus terrestris.

It is an anti-inflammatory and effective in bronchitis, cough, headache, weakness, drowsiness and digestive problems.

A sub-glabrous spreading herb sometimes becoming shrubby.

The fresh leaves contain ferredoxin, and the withanolide datumetelin along with the withanolide daturilin. The leaves also yielded withametelin B, secowithametelin, a hexacyclic withanolide, 12-deoxy withastramonolide, physalinliconol, datumetixone and p-methoxybenzoyl ester of tropine. It has anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic and analgesic properties.

An annual or biennial herb, with an erect, much-branched stem, arising from a thick, fleshy taproot.

Carrot is valued as food mainly because it is a rich source of the fat-soluble hydrocarbon, C40H56, the ß form of which is the precursor of vitamin A. Carrots contain a variety of carotenoids that are responsible for the typical colors of the root. The main pigments of orange carrot are a- and ß-carotene. The seed oil has a sweet anise like odor and the main components identified were ß-bisabolene, Cis and trans -asarene, asarone aldehyde and phenolic compounds such as eugenol 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone and vanillin.

Carrot seeds are aromatic, stimulant and carminative. They are reported to be useful in diseases of the kidney and in dropsy. The seeds are reported to exhibit anti-fertility activity. The ethanolic extracts of seeds showed diuretic activity. The essential oil from leaves and seeds showed antifungal activity, used as a sunscreen and fragrance component in soaps, creams and lotions. The aqueous extract of carrot showed hepatoprotective activity.

A small herb with a reduced stem, bearing 2-3 pairs of opposite, round, gland dotted leaves.

The essential oil from the leaves contains didymocarpene as its chief constituent. The leaves are used in indigenous medicine as a cure for stones in the kidney and bladder.

It is astringent and styptic and useful in gastrointestinal disorders.